Bhavani Jamakalam
Bhavani jamakalam is a fine cotton carpet known for its multicolored crossbars and rich texture. It is woven in the Erode district of Tamil Nadu near the Bhavani river. These rugs have a centuries-old weaving tradition and are made by skilled artisans on pit looms, resulting in a product that is as durable as it is elegant. Known for their unique design and vibrant colors, Bhavani Jamakalams have historical, cultural and practical significance.
- They are made in the region around the Bhavani River, where the quality of the water enhances the texture of the rugs.
- They originated from the Lingayat Veera Saivaite community in the 16th century and were later adopted by the Okkiliar community.
- The rugs are known for their multi-colored crossbars, intricate Korvai weave and vibrant colors based on vegetable dyes.
- Historically significant as they won the first prize at the Madras Exhibition in 1883 and were used in barter trade with the Arabs.
- Woven with different yarns over time, currently with No. 10 for the weft and No. 2/17, 2/10 and 2/20 for the warp.
- Requires skillful manual coordination on pit looms; machine looms cannot replicate the result.
- Originally dyed with natural vegetable dyes, but modern production uses artificial dyes from Bombay and Ahmedabad.
- Used for various purposes, including as gifts for weddings, warm clothing in the North East and as upholstery for furniture and religious institutions.
- Available in varieties like Single, Double, Hall, Dining Mat and rugs with Agra pattern or artificial silk.
- Supported by government subsidies, cooperatives and marketing efforts that make it affordable and widely available.
- It is exported worldwide and is known for its durability, vibrant colors and fine texture.